Linux - Hardware

Hardware

Disks, Blockdevices, Storage

dmesg # monitor change of state udev
udevadm monitor # udev
lsusb # list usb devices
inxi -D
lshw -class disk
smartctl -i /dev/sdX # detailed vendor and model info

RAM

cat /proc/meminfo
sudo dmidecode --type 17
inxi -m

Audio

• Default: Pulse Audio
• New projects
  • Pipewire | Documentation

• Bluetooth: opensuse.org

  • Headset
    See failed attempts. I switched to Pipewire, see https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/factory@lists.opensuse.org/thread/VNROKVXVFICDVJXCXZQIB6UYHYVGFGFK/,`

  sudo zypper install pipewire pipewire-pulseaudio pipewire-alsa wireplumber-pulse
  systemctl --user enable pipewire-pulse
  systemctl --user start pipewire-pulse
  

  which is working like a charm so far. I read that for some applications the sound quality is bad, but haven’t encountered that yet.
  Switch profile between playback only (A2DP, high quality) and headset mode (HSP/HFP)

GPU

lspci -v | less # and search vor `VGA`
sudo lshw -numeric -C display

• NVIDIA: nvidia-smi
  • find correct driver (version)
    • NVIDIA driver website
    • ubuntu-drivers device

  • load kernel module without reboot

    # check if there is someone logged in
    ps ax | grep -i X
    # stop lightdm
    systemctl stop lightdm
    # stop everything that might be using nvidia
    for f in /sys/class/vtconsole/vtcon*/bind; do echo 0 > $f; done
    # remove old nvidia module
    rmmod nvidia_uvm nvidia_drm nvidia_modeset nvidia
    # load new nvidia module
    modprobe nvidia
    # check if nvidia is working
    nvidia-smi
    # start lightdm
    systemctl start lightdm
    

Other

lspci # list PCI devices

Udev

ArchLinux Wiki | Debian Wiki

1. find device (information) for example with

# udevadm monitor --environment --udev
# dmesg

1. Get device attributes

# udevadm info --atribute-walk --name="/dev/input/by-path/..."

1. add rule to /etc/udev/rules.d/??.rules and point to script, for example in /usr/local/bin,
2. create script to run commands
3. Reload udev rules

# udevadm control --reload-rules

Examples

• docs/seb/Yubikey: lock/unlock computer when removing/inserting key

MAC Address

Spoofing

https://www.xmodulo.com/spoof-mac-address-network-interface-linux.html
https://arvdl.github.io/posts/mac-address-linux/

• temporary ^8a2c0a

sudo ip link set dev eth0 down
sudo ip link set dev eth0 address 00:00:00:00:00:01
sudo ip link set dev eth0 up

• permanent

  • with NetworkManager: edit /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/00-changemac

  #!/bin/sh
  if [ "$IFACE" = eth0 ]; then
    ip link set dev "$IFACE" address 00:00:00:00:00:01
  fi
  

  and change permissions sudo chmod 755 /etc/NetworkManager/if-up.d/00-changemac

  • with Systemd: edit /etc/systemd/network/eth0.link

  [Match]
  MACAddress=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
  
  [Link]
  MACAddressPolicy=random
  NamePolicy=kernel database onboard slot path
  

Devices

USB

lsusb

• set what USB devices are allowed to wake from sleep/hibernate, see here. Edit /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb*/power/wakeup with content disabled or enabled

Keyboard

• Change layout
  • command line: sudo loadkeys en_US
  • X: setxkbmap en_US

• if not waking up after device was suspended try https://askubuntu.com/a/949679 ^bf1df0

  • find device ID in lsusb
  • edit /etc/default/grub and add to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT:

  usbhid.quirks=0x*ID_before_colon*:0x*ID_after_colon*:0x00000008
  # or try
  atkbd.reset # might need sudo modprobe psmouse if touchpad stops working
  

  • update grub on boot device: update-config (doesn’t exist as a command in openSUSE, use sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg instead)
  • OpenRGB: Open source RGB lighting control that doesn’t depend on manufacturer software